People In City Research Articles

Awareness and Practice on Prevention and Control of Dengue among Community People of Lalitpur Metropolitan City

Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has rapidly spread in many countries worldwide in recent years. Dengue is a major public health problem in many countries. Dengue is a rapidly emerging disease in Nepal that is endemic across most provinces. The incidence of dengue has increased in recent years due to the expansion of the Aedes aegypti vector. The increasing outbreak of dengue in Nepal is becoming a major concern for the public health. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess awareness level and practice on prevention and control of dengue among community people in Lalitpur metropolitan city. Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2023 at ten different wards in Lalitpur metropolitan city. Sample populations of 368 residents of Lalitpur metropolitan city above the age of 18 years were selected for the study. Simple random probability sampling technique used for the sample selection. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16 version used to analyze the data. Result: Majority (98.1%) of respondents knew about dengue fever. Most of the respondents (47.1%) answered that dengue is caused by aedes mosquito. Majority (71.4%) of respondents stated that dirty water was breeding sites of dengue mosquito. Primary preventive measures used were cleanliness 34.1 percent followed by use of mosquito net/coil 31.4 percent. The community people had good awareness (79.3%) of dengue, but poor practice (56.79%) in prevention and control of dengue. According to this study, socio-demographic factors such as age, sex, and education level were significantly linked to the knowledge level of the participants. Conclusion: According to this study, the community people had a good awareness level of dengue (79.3%). However, their practice of prevention and control of dengue was found to be poor (56.79%).

Graph Neural Networks optimized with Gazelle Optimization Algorithm for Urban Plantscape Design Based on Large-scale Street View

The center of human activity and a key point of contact for social interaction between city people and the built environment is the street. With more street-level photos becoming available, urban landscape studies have more chances to examine and evaluate streetscapes closely and from various angles. This manuscript present the graph neural networks (GNN) optimized with gazelle optimization algorithm (GOA) for urban plants cape design based on large-scale street view (UPLS-GNN-GOA). Initially data is taken from ADE20K dataset. Afterward the data is fed to General Robust Subband Adaptive Filtering (GRSAF) based pre-processing process. The pre-processing output is given to Discrete Fractional Fourier Transforms (DFrFT) to extract the street greenery and openness of street canyons. After that, the extracted features are fed to Graph Neural Networks (GNN) to classify the public health, urban microclimate, human perception. The weight parameters of the GNN are optimized using Gazelle Optimization Algorithm (GOA).The UPLS-GNN-GOA method is implemented in Python, and its efficiency is determined using a series of performance evaluation metrics analysis, including accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score, and sensitivity. The proposed UPLS-GNN-GOA method shows the highest accuracy of 98%, precision of 98%, and F1-score of 97% while comparing other existing methods such as urban plantscape design based on convolutional neural network (UPLS-CNN), urban plantscape design based on deep convolutional neural network (UPLS-DCNN) and urban plantscape design based on deep learning and convolutional neural network (UPLS-DL-CNN) respectively.

Persepsi dan Preferensi terhadap Vertical Greenery Berdasarkan SBE di Kota Pekanbaru

Vertical greenery in the city of Pekanbaru is very difficult to find because there are still many people who do not know the various benefits and uses of vertical greenery with limited land. This study focuses on the city of Pekanbaru at 10 locations found. The research location is in the District Limapuluh, District Pekanbaru City, District Marpoyan Damai with 2 location points. Area Sukajadi and in the District Bukit Raya each with 3 location points. This paper aims to examine perceptions, preferences, color freshness and plant density analyzed by SBE. Vertical greenery is generally found in cafes, hotels and included in the Pekanbaru Park service. The vertical greenery owned by the company in management is more maintained and aesthetically so that it gets the highest score. Meanwhile, the Pekanbaru office tends to be simple in design and many are neglected. The results showed that the people of Pekanbaru city were still unfamiliar with the existence of vertical greening. While the results of the evaluation of the aesthetic value show that the average vertical greenery in Pekanbaru City has a good aesthetic value at a moderate level. Both in terms of design, freshness of color and density level are influenced by several aspects such as structure, environment, activity intensity, type of plant vegetation and maintenance.

Social interactions and heat stress mitigation among elderly people in a healthy city

BackgroundIncreased frequencies and duration of extreme heat events have caused severe heat stress, especially among elderly people. Despite its obvious cause and universally known preventive measures, heat stress preventive measures have not been implemented effectively at community levels. This study examined heat coping practices among elderly people and their associations with living conditions, social interactions, and community involvement. MethodsA self-administered questionnaire was done to assess heat-coping practices to mitigate heat stress, living conditions, and interactions with family, friends, and neighbours. Participants were 3000 randomly selected elderly people aged 65 years and older living in Owariasahi, Japan, a city that applies the 2004 Healthy City Approach. A generalised linear regression model was applied with binominal distribution to examine the association between social interactions and application of heat-coping practices. Sex and ages were adjusted in the model. FindingsAmong the 2127 elderly people who completed the survey, 745 (35·0%) had heat stress during the summer of the survey year. The presence of heat stress was higher in male participants living alone and having less interaction with friends and neighbours; only interaction with friends and relatives showed difference in the occurrence of the heat-related illness in female participants. The use of ice packs, air conditioners, and the opening of windows or doors were associated with the presence of heat stress. The odds of not applying relevant preventive practices were higher in participants disconnected from relatives and friends (odds ratio 1·52 [95% CI 1·12–2·04]). Participants living alone and disconnected from their neighbours showed similar trends to the connection with relatives and friends but not significantly. InterpretationThe findings of the study indicated that heat stress mitigative measures were underused in elderly people who are socially disconnected. Heat illness prevention programmes need to focus on outreach to the disadvantaged population. FundingJapan Society for the Promotion of Science.

Analisis Strategi Lokasi terhadap Tingkat Daya Tarik Masyarakat di EJ33 Avenue Tarakan

Location strategy is a critical factor in the success of a coffee shop business. The cafe / coffee shop business relies heavily on strategic locations to attract customers and maximize profitability. This article discusses various aspects of the location strategy for the coffee shop and external factors that affect visitor attraction to EJ33 Avenue in Tarakan City. This study aims to determine the effect of location strategy on buying interest EJJ3 Avenue in Tarakan. This study uses a quantitative approach. The sample was taken using Purposive Sampling, namely sampling with certain considerations and based on the objectives of the researcher, which amounted to 0 respondents. The sample was filled by Tarakan City people who had visited, shopped, and knew about EJ33 Avenue in Tarakan City. Data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis and SPSS testing 26. Based on the results of this study, the location strategy affects the interest in visiting EJ33 Avenue in Tarakan City. This is based on the results of tests conducted to see the indirect effect of the location on consumer buying interest EJ33 Avenue. Coffee shops can develop strong location strategies that can help them achieve long-term success. It can be concluded that consumer buying interest can arise due to the influence of the location offered by the coffee shop, thus attracting the interest of consumers to visit.

Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Fetal Hemodynamic Parameters in Pregnant Women with Diabetes Mellitus in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

ObjectiveIt was to investigate the diagnosis of fetal hemodynamics in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus in the third trimester of pregnancy by color Doppler ultrasonography. Methods55 women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the third trimester of pregnancy who were clinically diagnosed and treated in Haian City People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province were selected as the observation group, and 55 pregnant women with normal prenatal examination results were selected as the controls. The hemodynamic parameters of fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA), umbilical artery (UA), and renal artery (RA) were detected, including the ratio of maximum systolic blood flow velocity to end-diastolic blood flow velocity (S/D), resistance index (RI) and arterial pulsation index (PI). Fasting serum levels of maternal patients were collected for detecting Cystain C (Cys C) and homocysteine (Hcy) to analyze the predictive value of serological indexes and target arterial hemodynamics parameters for adverse pregnancy outcome (APO). ResultsThe results showed that compared with controls, in the observation group, RI, PI, and S/D of MCA and RA increased significantly, while RI, PI and S/D of UA decreased obviously (P < 0.05), the levels of serum Cys C and Hcy were clearly increased (P < 0.05). The APO rate of controls and observation group was 10.91% and 25.45%, respectively. It was found that the area under the curve of serum Cys C, Hcy, and the APO predicted by the hemodynamic parameters of fetal MCA, UA, and RA were all greater than 0.75 (P < 0.05). Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that serum Cys C and Hcy, and the hemodynamic parameters of fetal MCA, UA and RA were correlated with APO (P < 0.05). ConclusionIn summary, maternal blood glucose level can affect fetal hemodynamic parameters. In the third trimester of pregnancy, the changes of blood flow parameters of fetal MCA, UA, RA, and maternal serum Cys C and Hcy levels are helpful to understand fetal status in utero, and can be used to predict APO.

Clinical Study on the Effectiveness of Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin for Treating Cutaneous Infections and Promoting Wound Healing in Patients with Perianal Abscess

Objective: To explore the effect of the Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin (XFHM) for treating cutaneous infections and promoting wound healing in patients with perianal abscesses. Methods: Sixty-one patients with perianal abscesses who were admitted to our hospital (Xinghua City People’s Hospital) from May 2022 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups, a control group (30 cases) and a study group (31 cases). Both groups received surgical treatment. The control group received conventional treatment and warm water fumigation, sitz bath, and surgical dressing change after surgery, while the research group received XFHM based on the control group. XFHM was taken orally and replaced with warm water for fumigation and sitz bathing. Both groups received treatment for 4 weeks but discontinued sitz bathing after 2 weeks. Various clinical indicators between the two groups were compared. Results: The total clinical effective rate and wound recovery rate of the study group were higher than that of the control group. There were differences in the wound pain scores, surrounding tissue edema, and wound secretions at different time points. Both groups experienced wound pain. The scores of wound pain, surrounding tissue edema, and wound secretions of the study group were lower than those of the control group, 7 and 14 days after surgery. The serum interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels, and pH values of the study group were lower than those of the control group 10 days after surgery (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The application of XFHM for treating cutaneous infections and promoting wound healing in patients with perianal abscesses improved the treatment outcome, alleviated clinical symptoms, and promoted healing.

Minat Masyarakat Kota Mataram Berwakaf Uang Yang Dimoderasi Oleh Religiusitas

Waqf is one part of Islamic philanthropic instruments that can be used to support the economy. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the interest of the people of Mataram city in cash waqf. This research is quantitative research with an associative approach. The data collection method uses a non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling approach. The research population is unknown, so sampling used the Lemeshow formula with a sample size of 130 respondents. The data used in this research is primary data taken using a questionnaire. This research uses data analysis tools with the Structure Equation Model (SEM) with the help of SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results of his research show that trust and subjective norms have a positive and significant effect on the interest of the people of Mataram city in giving cash waqf, while knowledge has no effect on the interest of the people of Mataram city in giving cash waqf. Meanwhile, trust, subjective norms and knowledge which are moderated by religiosity have no effect on the interest in cash waqf from the people of Mataram city.

Safety and feasibility of single-port nephroscopy combined with a needle electrode technique to treat dorsal SRCs.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the safety and feasibility of single-port nephroscopy combined with a needle electrode technique to unroof single dorsal simple renal cysts (SRCs). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of the clinical data for 18 patients with single dorsal SRCs treated with single-port nephroscopy and a needle electrode technique at Zhongshan City People's Hospital from August 2021 to August 2022. The basic information included the cyst condition, surgical methods and recurrence rate, and follow-up was conducted with CT imaging. Results The surgery was successful in all 18 patients. The duration of surgery ranged from 24-46 minutes, with an average of 35.83±1.62 minutes; the intraoperative bleeding volume ranged from 2-20 ml, with an average of 9.0±1.3 ml; and the visual analog scale (VAS) score within 24 hours after surgery ranged from 1-6 points, with an average of 2.72±0.36 points. There were no significant postoperative complications, such as bleeding, urinary fistula, or infection. All drainage tubes were removed on the first day after surgery. After 1 year of postoperative follow-up, one patient experienced recurrence, for a recurrence rate of 5.6%. Conclusion Single-port nephroscopy combined with a needle electrode technique is a safe, feasible, and effective minimally invasive surgical approach for treating single dorsal SRCs.

Wilding cities for biodiversity and people: a transdisciplinary framework.

Accelerating urbanisation and associated lifestyle changes result in loss of biodiversity and diminished wellbeing of people through fewer direct interactions and experiences with nature. In this review, we propose the notion of urban wilding (the promotion of autonomous ecological processes that are independent of historical land-use conditions, with minimal direct human maintenance and planting interventions) and investigate its propensity to improve biodiversity and people-nature connections in cities. Through a large interdisciplinary synthesis, we explore the ecological mechanisms through which urban wilding can promote biodiversity in cities, investigate the attitudes and relations of city dwellers towards urban wild spaces, and discuss the integration of urban wilding into the fabric of cities and its governance. We show that favouring assembly spontaneity by reducing planting interventions, and functional spontaneity by limiting maintenance practices, can promote plant diversity and provide ecological resources for numerous organisms at habitat and city scales. These processes could reverse biotic homogenisation, but further studies are needed to understand the effects of wilding on invasive species and their consequences. From a socio-ecological perspective, the attitudes of city dwellers towards spontaneous vegetation are modulated by successional stages, with grassland and woodland stages preferred, but dense shrubby vegetation stages disliked. Wild spaces can diversify physical interactions with nature, and enrich multi-sensory, affective and cognitive experiences of nature in cities. However, some aspects of wild spaces can cause anxiety, feeling unsafe, and the perception of abandonment. These negative attitudes could be mitigated by subtle design and maintenance interventions. While nature has long been thought of as ornamental and instrumental in cities, urban wilding could help to develop relational and intrinsic values of nature in the fabric of cities. Wildness and its singular aesthetics should be combined with cultural norms, resident uses and urban functions to plan and design urban spatial configurations promoting human-non-human cohabitation. For urban wilding to be socially just and adapted to the needs of residents, its implementation should be backed by inclusive governance opening up discussion forums to residents and urban workers. Scientists can support these changes by collaborating with urban actors to design and experiment with new wild spaces promoting biodiversity and wellbeing of people in cities.

Performance assessment of Al-Rustumiah wastewater treatment plant using multivariate statistical technique

An attempt has been made to assess the performance of the third expansion of the Al-Rustamiya wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). This plant serves approximately 1,500,000 people in east Baghdad city, the capital of Iraq, and the increase of the population in this part of the city has reached about 4 million which led to deterioration in their effluents quality. Furthermore, the plant has no improvement on their processing units. Al-Rustamiya WWTP uses a biological water treatment method known as the activated sludge process with an average wastewater treatment of about 300 million liters. In the present paper, a wastewater quality data of ten years has been subjected to a multivariate statistical technique to identify the most important factors that affect the performance of the plant and estimating its efficiency. The data was collected and examined by the central laboratory of the Al-Rustamiya wastewater treatment plant in the mayoralty of Baghdad. Factor Analysis has been used to assess the important water quality parameters: pH, Total Suspended Solids, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The results revealed that the major factor that affects the performance is the organic load of raw wastewater and the removal efficiency of the WWTP. Furthermore, the results present that the performance of the current plant system is acceptable exclude for the removal efficiency of BOD below the prescribed limit. As well as, The BOD and COD correlation can evaluate wastewater treatment plant efficiency, aid in prompt intervention, and monitor harmful substances.

High-intensity focused ultrasound for endometrial ablation in adenomyosis: a clinical study.

The present study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of endometrial ablation with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for symptom relief in women with adenomyosis. Between July 2014 and July 2020, 167 patients with adenomyosis treated at the Zhongshan City People's Hospital were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to patient aspirations: the control group, including patients who only underwent ablation of adenomyosis lesions (group A) and the treatment group, including patients who underwent removal of adenomyosis lesions and endometrial ablation (group B). The reduced dysmenorrhea scores (visual analog scale) and menstrual volume scores (pictorial blood assessment chart) were measured before and after treatment. The scores were obtained by subtracting the postoperative scores from the preoperative scores and were compared to determine whether the symptoms had alleviated. Compared with the menstrual volume of group A, that in group B showed significant improvements. The average relief rates of dysmenorrhea in the two groups also showed significant improvement. However, the scores in group B showed a more significant improvement than those in group A. Therefore, our findings suggest that endometrial ablation using HIFU may be superior to conventional therapy with regard to alleviating the symptoms of increased menstruation in women with adenomyosis.

The Role of E-Commerce in Encouraging the Indonesian Economy during the Covid-19 Epidemic as a Form of Modern Entrepreneurship

The number of sectors in online business makes business actors who want to invest need to guess what online businesses are popular and profitable in the current era of the COVID-19 pandemic, such as e-commerce, edutech and health. startup business sectors, precisely because of this pandemic, experienced a significant increase in business where online health platforms such as Halodoc became popular because they helped the public who only wanted to consult and diagnose health online. The e-commerce business is also a major need for the public in transacting on during this pandemic, considering that people are afraid to shop directly so that purchases of some necessities are made online through e-commerce platforms. In addition to the well-established national e-commerce business platforms, local e-commerce platforms are also emerging, especially to meet basic needs. Young people in several cities create local e-commerce platforms to help the process of buying goods from consumers to the market. Next, there are startup business collaboration tools, such as the Zoom and GotoMeeting applications, which have become popular in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Foreign companies have taken opportunities in this sector, considering that there are still few or no players taking advantage of the collaboration tools startup business. People are increasingly avoiding public places and offline retail stores, so online sales for some sectors are increasing. Reporting from neilpatel.com, conversions for the food, health and pharmaceutical sectors increased significantly. The food sector experienced an increase of 55%, health 19%, and pharmaceuticals 11%. In the United States alone, online sales are predicted to increase by up to 12% of their total spending in 2020. From these results, it can be concluded that behind the many benefits of online e-commerce business, there are still many impacts for other offline businessmen who do not use media. social as a means of business.

A STUDY ON USE OF NATURAL EDIBLE CUTLERY IN NAGPUR CITY

Edible cutlery is made of food materials and they come with nutritive contents. It contains no chemicals, additives or even preservatives. They are 100% natural and baked products. Edible cutlery falls under food category and hence, hygiene is of paramount importance. Edible cutlery cannot be reused. These are baked at high temperatures; therefore, the likelihood of microbial spores to survive is very little. Even if these micro-spores land after production, they are not likely to germinate because, the products are dehydrated (which is why they have long shelf life, even without preservatives). The concept of edible cutlery is came due to increase in plastic pollution, which is covering the most of our Indian landfills. As plastic is a material, which can’t be recycle, it is non- biodegradable. Plastic is creating most of the dangerous disease to human being and animals, like cancer, which is the most dangerous disease for human being. So considering the factors which are responsible for the plastic pollution and the harms which are facing by the human being and animals on the earth, the alternative of plastic cutlery that is edible cutlery has been introduced. Once we start using the edible cutlery, the usage of plastic cutlery will be stop automatically, once people habitual to it. The purpose of this research project is to create the awareness about the edible cutlery in the people of Nagpur city. The best alternative for the plastic cutlery is edible cutlery, now why edible cutlery, as we all know that plastic may harm the human so by using edible cutlery no one will be harm using this. While travelling we can use this cutlery without creating the pollution like plastic cutlery. We know how plastic cutlery harms human body like irritation in the eye, vision, failure, breathing difficulties, respiratory problems, headache, cancers, skin diseases whether edible cutlery provides vitamins that we don’t get from our day to day meal, this edible cutlery also provides the good amount of minerals, such as zinc, iron, magnesium, which is the good source of nutritional diet.

Method to measure faciolingual teeth inclination

This research evaluates the faciolingual inclination of people in Mosul city as a basebracket design for straight wire arch technique (SWA) 50 study models (25females) used aged 12-15 years, they concomitant with six keys of normal 52.that suggested by AndrewsThe data then subjected to statistical evaluation at p&lt;0.05, description of the data(mean SD.. minimum, maximum) also the correlation of all the teeth and comparison for both sexes.)The result show a higher record in lower central and lateral incisors in males (17.0whereas a lowest record found in lower iirst molar in males (-30.0). A high correlation can be seen among anterior teeth and among posterior teeth with each other

The socialcultural context of the formation and implementation of the sociological education models in Russia

The article considers historical aspects of the formation and implementation of the sociological education models in Russia. The model developed by N.I. Kareev and M.M. Kovalevsky at the end of the 19th century was to teach sociology to students of all areas of university training. In 1901, sociologization of social sciences started at the Russian School of Higher Social Sciences in Paris, and in 1908 it was improved at the departments of sociology of the V.M. Bekhterev Psychoneurological Institute and A.L. Shanyavsky Moscow City People’s University. In 1918, P.A. Sorokin developed a professional model for training sociologists; until 1921 this model was implemented at the faculties of social sciences of the Moscow, Petrograd and Yaroslavl State Universities. In 1922, the implementation of both models was suspended due to the introduction of centralized plans to teach the basics of MarxismLeninism to students. The creative potential of two historical models became in demand during perestroika , in the late 1980s - early 1990s, and new versions of the educational and professional models were introduced in the higher education in favorable conditions for the reinstitutionalization of sociology. However, since 2010, there has been a gradual reduction in the number of sociological departments and faculties in Bachelor’s-Master’s programs. Today educational and professional models are unevenly represented in the Russian higher education; their implementation remains questionable due to the idea of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education to return to training students on the basis of the enlarged groups of specialties, i.e. sociology curriculum will have to be coordinated with curricula for regional studies, international relations, tourism and political science.

Emergency fire evacuation simulation of underground commercial street

High-density built-up areas in cities often enlist the underground realm to provide solution space for transport, shopping and other purposes. The special location, layout, and accessibility of underground structures often generate unique and acute safety-risk concerns. They are inadequately understood and managed and cannot be tackled appropriately by conventional risk assessment and abatement methods. This study focused on evacuating underground commercial streets (UCS) with a heavy concentration of people in Fuzhou city in China. Despite the widespread use of building information modeling (BIM) in construction, it has rarely been applied to studies of underground shopping streets. This study adopted BIM technology as the core method, in conjunction with PyroSim fire and Pathfinder evacuation simulation software. Different fire scenarios in four fire protection zones and the most unfavorable fire sources were set in the model. Based on a calculated number of persons at the start of a fire, different movement paths, stair configuration and exit width were simulated. The choice of escape routes, congestion locations, and slack time windows were identified by the graphical images of the simulation programs. Required safe egress time was compared with available safe egress time, and the number of successful evacuees was reckoned. The effects of three escape-stair forms on evacuee utilization and evacuation rates were evaluated. Their evacuation efficiency was ranked: crossed stair > straight stair > parallel-double stair. The simulation results can optimize building layout design and improve understanding of evacuation-efficiency factors. The findings can contribute to reducing casualties and property losses and improving UCS's fire safety management.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF DSN-MUI FATWA NO. 83 OF 2023 ON PEOPLE'S CONSUMPTION PATTERNS IN PADANG CITY

About how the effects of the release of Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 83 in 2023 to the people of the plains city that occurred in the field of response of the people prefer to follow the rules and the people also changed consumption patterns from those who intially used common produtcs to switch equipment to other such research and natural observastion. From the data already collected on how fatwa rules have been released one people’s consumption patterns it has been evident that some of the data gathered there are 97 of the 100 people from the country’s population that are gathered in that people agree that people support and they change their consumption patterns by switching to other inexpensive and accessible products but not impossible. There are only a number of responses and societies disapprove of the fatwa because it is not given a description of alternatif solutions or pathways to replace products or brand that are used in everyday public consumption.

There is a place for every animal, but not in my back yard: a survey on attitudes towards urban animals and where people want them to live

Abstract Animals are a constant presence in urban environments. While there is a handful of studies that have addressed which urban animals people like, there is little knowledge on where in the city people want them to be. There is the risk of a misalignment between human urban inhabitants’ specific desires for more nature in cities and the results of urban renaturing initiatives. We conducted an online survey on inhabitants of Munich (Germany) to investigate their attitudes towards 32 different urban animals and where they want them to occur. These places ranged from their own home or garden, to different places within the city, and to outside of the city. In total, 10 000 flyers were distributed in houses surrounding 40 city squares, and 305 people participated. We found that people rather placed animals further away than close to home. There were clear differences between different animal species in where they were placed by people, from species being placed close to home, to species wanted only outside the city. There were also clear differences in attitude towards the different animals, and participants on averaged placed animals closer to home if they liked them more. People have clear preferences for the placing of different animals in an urban context. Knowledge on these preferences can help to design targeted conservation actions and environmental education programs.

Özbekçenin Gelişimindeki Sosyogenetik Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi

The emergence of modern Uzbek language is closely related to the migration movements of Turk communities towards today's Uzbekistan geography. Turks who reached this geography encountered settled city people of the Transoxiana cultural axis with a relatively high intellectual level. This situation resulted in the Turks, who have a nomadic tradition, being greatly influenced by the culture and language of the settled people. However, the political and social power of the Turks prevented this influence from reaching the level of assimilation. Especially after the Timurid Era, the influence of the Turks on the local folk culture gradually increased. In this article, the interaction between Turks and Indo-European settlers, it was interpreted with the hermenetic technique, taking into account historical, sociological, ethnographic and folklore data. In order to confirm the information interpreted with this technique, phylogenetic studies, which provide more objective data than other methods, were used, and the reasons for the common phonemicization and grammatical unification between Uzbek and Tajik were emphasized. In addition, as a result of these grammatical events, the distinguishing features of Uzbek from other Turk languages are discussed together with their historical reasons. Thus, it is aimed to determine in general terms the effects of the linguistic composition of today's Uzbekistan geography on Uzbek language.